The Truth of Air Pollution Essay - 1966 Words

In addition, to the threat of air pollution on humans the undesirable substances that infiltrate our atmosphere can be accredited to us the humans and Mother Nature. Although air pollution is a natural phenomenon we as individuals are highly responsible for it. As humans, we often forget what the consequences of our choices are and suffer from them. Our actions greatly devastate the value of our air. For instance, our decision to drive everywhere instead of walking when it is possible is one of the primary reasons air pollution is our culpability. As stated in the United States National Park Service, â€Å"mobile sources are one of many sources that emits pollution into our air† (National Park Service). So what exactly fits the†¦show more content†¦The amount of contaminants has made life difficult for all people. Contaminants has made life more difficult for people because contaminants restrict the amount of pure air we need to breathe. Nonetheless, as with every problem, air pollution has a short-term and long-term effect on our health. As reported by the American Lung Association, â€Å"The immediate effects are comprised of shortness of breath, asthma attacks, and respiratory infections† (American Lung Association State of the Air). These effects are felt right away when the quality of the air begins to worsen. The long term effects are premature death, lung cancer, and heart disease. There are many factors that determine the extent of harm on the people’s health. The American Lung Association reveals that, â€Å"The prime factors are the age group, current health condition of a person, the duration of exposure, and the pollutant† (American Lung Association State of the Air). To begin with, age group determines the extent of the harm on a person. Even though air pollution is not good for anybody, it’s specifically not good for children. Children are more vulnerable to health risk of air pollution for ma ny reasons. As one author wrote in a scholarly article, â€Å"Polluting Young Minds†, â€Å"since children’s body weight is relatively small, they need to breathe more compared to an adult† (Polluting Young Minds). This is because children are still developing their bodies, so theyShow MoreRelatedThe Air Quality Of China Urban Cities1746 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Air Quality in China Urban Cities? China is developing at an unprecedented fast pace in recent years, it is now the second largest economy in the worldwide with at least 7 percent annual growth in gross domestic product (GDP) (See Appendix A). Unfortunately, this rapid economic growth comes with a price, excessive use of fossil fuel leads to a very serious environmental issues to people’s habitats, and the air they breathe every day. The environmental pollution, especially air pollution hasRead MoreAir Pollution And Its Effects On The Environment1210 Words   |  5 PagesAir pollution has become a huge dilemma in our environment. Pollution is caused by the toxic release of chemicals and pollutants; releasing pollutants into the atmosphere harm the planet and pose a threat to human lives. Some of these pollutants include Carbon Monoxide, lead, acid gases, and Nitrogen oxides. Most of these pollutants are caused by industrial factories and vehicle exhaust. Air pollution is a global battle and preventing it will only help decrease the existing damage. In China, airRead MoreThe History of Pollution in New York City Essay1290 Words   |  6 Pagesdirtiest city for 2012 in Travel and Leisure magazine. They cited poor air quality, water and large amounts of trash everywhere. This is problematic, as New York has been trying to consistently reduce the overall amounts of pollution for many decades. These conclusions ar e ignoring the positive transformations and how they have impacted New York. To fully understand what is taking place requires studying the history of pollution, its affects, causes, reasons and areas of improvement. Together, theseRead MorePollution, A Silent Death922 Words   |  4 PagesAws Alwattar Ms. White AP Biology May 19, 2015 Pollution, a silent death Imagine a world without pollution. A globe that’s free and open with clean and fresh air. Now this may sound like the perfect world to many, but to others it sounds impossible. It takes a lot to make it happen and there are many steps before reaching that perfect world. Pollution has many factors, from litter, garbage and plastics to oil spills, urban air and greenhouse gasses. Things like this cause natural disasters and environmentRead MoreKoch s Anti Green Strategies And Global Warming1547 Words   |  7 PagesRecently, an overwhelming consensus of observation and experiment has emerged in the scientific community concerning global warming. These discoveries have confirmed that pollution, as a consequence of humans, has resulted in the negative effects of climate change, specifically global warming. Despite this general agreement among the scientific society, two infamously wealthy brothers, known as the Koch Brothers, pursue to deny these claims by passionately funding anti global warming efforts throughoutRead MoreThe Repercussion of Fracking1125 Words   |  4 Pages17 million barrels of crude oil annually. That is the equivalent to the fuel needed to keep 1 million vehicles on the road for 12 months so why are so many people drinking bottled waters? They believe that they are making a healthy choice. But the truth is that tap water is just as safe, often safer than bottled water. In fact, some bottled water is just filtered tap water not spring water. Perhaps the biggest problem with bottled water is that that it takes tremendous energy to produce the plasticRead MoreThe Effects Of Acid Rain On The Nation s Environment941 Words   |  4 PagesWhen President Richard Nixon was in charge, the whole environmental policies started to properly rise in American. Back in 1989 when President Bush issued what would the following year be called the Clean Air of 1990, the United States was taking notice in world climate. Over the years, the country as a whole has strayed from putting emphasis on these issues. Graphs show us that we did better back in 1990 than we did in 2004. Compared to many other countries such as Germany, Japan, Canada, UK, ItalyRead MoreDamage to the Environment Is an Inevitable Consequence of Worldwide Improvement in the Standard of Living937 Words   |  4 Pagesto use electricity to run the computers, lights. At the same time the power generating stations will have to supply them with more power and so more emissi ons into the air will be released. Besides, manufacturing of products due to our consuming also harm to our environment, we know when there are more manufacturing, more pollution will occurs and more waste for the landfill. For instance, after we drink the milk or coke we throw the bottles away without reused it and take it to recycle. UnfortunatelyRead MoreWater Is The Source Of Life And Comes From The Origin1038 Words   |  5 Pagescountries taking it away from them. Air pollution is all over especially around areas where there are power plants, local industry areas, major roads, and built up close nit cities. Air pollution involves the air being polluted by gases, dust and smoke from vehicles and industry. This type of pollution causes many problems such as a variety of lung diseases including cancer, bronchitis and emphysema, all of which can be lethal to both animals and humans. Air pollution first became a major problem inRead MoreEnvironmental Monitoring Data With Health Data1076 Words   |  5 Pagesdescribed in the article, challenges are mainly from two main stages: the data collection stage and the data analysis stage. Firstly, lets talk about the data analysis stage. Originally, data was provided in two groups: environmental monitoring data (ie. air quality) and health data (ie. hospital diagnostics). In order to obtain the relationships and intuitive progress, researches need to think out proper ways to combine or analysis data, buil d proper models and finding proper links to union theses two

Analysis The Beach Essay - 1745 Words

MARK395 REFLECTIVE JOURNAL By Tracy Bustamanre Image one – Contemporary issue: Erosion Description and discussion: This photograph was taken on Waikiki Beach in Honolulu, Hawaii in 2015. It was taken during sunset and as the tide had gone out, revealing a wider coastline. The world-famous beach is manmade and since 1951, over 80,000 cubic meters of sand has been imported to replace sand lost through erosion from heavy rainfall, sea swells, wind and tropical storms. Analysis: With Hawaii’s economy being dependant on tourism and the main source of employment, it is important for DMOs ensure its attractions and services are maintained. The beaches are Hawaii’s most popular attractions but are in danger due to erosion and pollution. Erosion is a major environmental issue that affects many of Hawaii’s most famous beaches and is a natural phenomenon. However, the building of structures on the coastline and the formation of sea-walls can speed up the affects. This can impact on the marine life, coral reefs and water quality. As the most popular activities for tourists are based in natural surroundings, it is important to not only ensure the safety of tourists but to maintain the natural environment for future generations. In response, Hawaiian DMOs and environmental government organisations work closely to: educate visitors and residents, regulate what activities tourist can and cannot do in specific areas, organise beach clean-ups and plan beach maintenance strategies. SomeShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Beach Burial1259 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Analysis of ‘Beach Burial’ Kenneth Slessor’s poignant poem, ‘Beach Burial’ contemplates on the improper and unfair burial that the Australian soldiers, who were at war with the Germans during World War 2, receive as a result of the fact that they could not get back home. The main idea that the poet was trying to get across was that as a result of the soldiers not being able to get a proper burial, they are not able to be recognized and are considered to be just another casualty of war:Read MoreAnalysis Of Beach In Hawaii1159 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Beach in Hawaii†; An analysis Ziggy Marley is the son of the late Reggae great Bob Marley, in 2012 he wrote a song called, â€Å"Beach in Hawaii.† Though the title is upbeat, Ziggy talks about loneliness and how he wants to be with a certain person on the beach in Hawaii. Throughout the song, Ziggy uses repetition, imagery, metaphors and similes to drive the point that he is lonely in paradise. In the song â€Å"Beach in Hawaii,† Ziggy Marley uses repetition. To drive the meaning of the song Ziggy repeatsRead MoreAnalysis of Beach Chairs790 Words   |  4 PagesThe poem â€Å"Beach Chairs†, written by Joyce Ebrecht, is one of many poems that share a meaning of love. The situation of the poem is that of two couples sitting on beach chairs and watching the world pass by while thinking about their love for each other. The overall themes of this poem are that of love and unity. Joyce Ebrecht achieves these overall themes through the structure, diction, figures of speech, pace/rhythm, and sounds of the poem. Structure is a crucial element in a poem and can serveRead MoreAnalysis Of On Chesil Beach 1557 Words   |  7 PagesAll three texts present very different views on marriage. ‘On Chesil Beach’ presents a picture of a nervous young couple on the first night of their honeymoon, where although both are inexperienced, they seem to be in love. Whereas, in ‘The Merchants Tale’, we have an old ‘hoor’ man, desperate for a young wife to present him with an heir. On the other hand, ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is a play about the marriage of two lovers; this view is idealised and has for centuries been perceived as the perfect viewRead More Essay on Dover Beach: An Analysis1052 Words   |  5 Pages An Analysis of Dover Beachnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Dover Beach intrigued me as soon as I read the title. I have a great love of beaches, so I feel a connection with the speaker as he or she stands on the cliffs of Dover, looking out at the sea and reflecting on life. Arnold successfully captures the mystical beauty of the ocean as it echoes human existence and the struggles of life. The moods of the speaker throughout the poem change dramatically as do the moods of the sea. The irregular, unorderedRead MoreDover Beach Poem Analysis1739 Words   |  7 PagesUpon reading Matthew Arnold’s poem, â€Å"Dover Beach†, I was greeted with a fleeting sense of tranquility and a lingering emotion of melancholy. Found in his carefully crafted words, Arnold gives an accurate representation of the beliefs held during the era of Realism by using descriptive imagery. His use of imagery is the primary aspect of the work that most interested me. For instance, in the first stanza, the narrator gives the reader the setting of â€Å"Dover Beach†. He states, â€Å"Upon the straits; on theRead MoreThe Beach Literary Analysis Paper776 Words   |  4 PagesThe Beach by Alex Garland Analysis Paper There are some travelers who see a â€Å"paradise† as their final destination; however, it may end up to be exactly opposite of what a paradise should be. This can be seen in Alex Garland’s The Beach. The novel is about several backpackers, Richard, Francoise, and Etienne, who come together and travel to an island community, their paradise, within Thailand. Ultimately, the story portrays the idea of a utopia-like society taking a turn for the worst and becomingRead MoreDover Beach, An Analysis Essay1195 Words   |  5 Pages Dover Beach is located in England, on the eastern shores near France. It is also the setting, and title of a poem written by a well educated man named Matthew Arnold, who is well known as the first modern critic of poetry. According to an article in The Literary Encyclopedia, Arnold was a very spiritual person, but claimed poetry prevailed over philosophy, science, and religion, due to the principle that those things are based on facts, which can be proven wrong over time. The article also saidRead MoreThe Beach Carrier Case Analysis1010 Words   |  5 PagesMatthew Beringer ELE 3010 Parnell February 21, 2016 The Beach Carrier 1. What is the nature of the product? What are its strengths and weaknesses? The Beach Carrier is a bag that is large enough to carry all the items that one needs for a day at the beach. It is large enough to carry a beach chair, but when empty, it can be folded down to 12x12 square inch for easy and convenient storage. The strengths of the product are that is more affordable than the competitor’s products and theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Dover Beach 998 Words   |  4 PagesArnold uses a range of technical means in order to express a shift in mood and sentiment within the poem ‘Dover Beach’. Rhythm is used as a significant device, Arnold uses an irregular rhythm alongside enjambment to create a discursive style. Arnold switches between using iamb’s and trochee’s, this technique highlights the transformation in tone, as by moving from an unstressed syllable to a stressed syllable the fluidity of the line is broken, this is potentially used to convey the journey from

Pre-Modernity In Shakespeares The Tempest - 1005 Words

The transition from pre-modernity to modernity is even now, an ongoing process. William Shakespeare’s play The Tempest (1611), takes place between the late middle ages and early modern period. In the play, Prospero, the rightful Duke of Milan, has been exiled from his home and sent to an uninhabited island with his three year old daughter, Miranda. With his knowledge of sorcery, Prospero is able to conjure up a storm and bring forth his enemies who are traveling by sea. Although the play is written in the modern era, it reflects on both pre-modernity and modernity. Prospero portrays concerns and characteristics of pre-modernity by enslaving Ariel and Caliban through social stratification. In contrast to that, because Miranda does not have†¦show more content†¦ARIEL. I do not, sir. PROSPERO. Thou liest, malignant thing! Hast thou forgot The foul witch Sycorax, who with age and envy Was grown into a hoop? hast thou forgot her? (1.2.244-59). The issue focused on here is Ariel’s bound duties to serve Prospero. In the pre-modern era it is common for the upper class to look down on an inferior group of people. In this case, although Prospero does not verbally admit that Ariel is his servant, he does guilt Ariel into believing his actions are permissible. In relation to that, Prospero performs similar practices on Caliban. However, Prospero’s power to govern Caliban is of slight difference when considering the act of guilt. Because Caliban is the son of Sycorax and the Devil, this results in Prospero disparaging him. With Prospero’s power and level of hierarchy, Caliban is degraded and portrayed as only partly human. Emphasized in the play is the representation of pre-modernity, however, that could be a result of character choice. Noticeably, all the characters except for one are men. Nonetheless, the idea of modernity does make its way into the play through Prospero’s daughter, Miranda. Being an era full of enlightenment and art, modernity is a rising time for entertainment. A time in which art began depicting individuals as subjective creations. A time in which philosophy evoked new ideas and modified perception. A time in which the divine begins disconnecting from rationality. A time

Essay Cold War Social Changes free essay sample

What social changes were produces to citizens in the United States during the Cold War? The Cold War began because of a debate between two world superpowers, the United States and the USSR. The USSR functioned as Communist government and the United States operated with Capitalism. After the United States ended up winning the Cold War and the Soviet Union collapsed, the United States became the only world superpower and still is today. That makes huge social change in American society. Social movements begin to appear, which fought for self-determination and equality The personal is political. (Joan D. 2012) That’s a phrase that represents the new social change in US during the 60s and 70s; the Womens Liberation Movement was one of them. During the 60s, women were refuse leadership positions and activities were denied and they didn’t have any recognition earned. By the middle of 1960s, women start to react and convince themselves to protest for their rights. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay Cold War Social Changes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page First in the civil rights movement, with a statement written by Mary King and Casey Hayden, and in the anti-war movement ‘‘women radicals began to demand equity and respect as activists. ’ According to Reich, Western civilization, or capitalism government, had made people ask and wonder about sexual morality. However, thanks to various modern social and scientific organizations or groups, sexuality will be for the first time a source of information and will bring full human autonomy. The first birth control pill, went on the market in  1960. According to Nancy L, five years later, 6 million American women were on the Pill. Teenagers or young adults were the true warriors on this sexual revolution. They were the once who took their sexuality into their own hands. The  hippie  was an originally subculture across the  United States  during the 60s. They for the first time experience the largest uncontrolled epidemic with drugs of all times. Youll dig it, its groovy.   Was the excuse for them to consume all kind of drugs and get high. They think that you were made to enjoy life to the limit, with no regrets. That was freedom for them. Another big movement that hippies start to support was the gay marriage. People start to feel with more liberty to choose with whom they want to spend their life. The law may not consider their marriages legitimate, but the couples that married certainly did. Capitalism message is: be free and expose yourself. To be or do whatever you want to do, as long as you don’t violate the right of others. The right of other is the natural limit of your freedom. In contrast, in socialism the state determines which behaviors are approved or not thinking in the ‘‘common good’’. Cohen, N. L. (20 de February de 2013). How the Sexual Revolution Changed America Forever. Obtenido de Alternet: http://www. alternet. org/story/153969/how_the_sexual_revolution_changed_america_forever Holz, M. (20 de February de 2012). Whatever Happened to the Sexual Revolution? Obtenido de Processedworld: http://www. processedworld. com/Issues/issue18/i18what. htm Mandle, J. D. (20 de February de 2013). How Political is the Personal? : Identity Politics, Feminism and Social Change. Obtenido de WMST-L: http://userpages. umbc. edu/~korenman/wmst/identity_pol. html sexology, M. h. (20 de February de 2013). THE SEXUAL REVOLUTION. Obtenido de Magnus hirschfeld archive for sexology: http://www2. hu-berlin. de/sexology/ATLAS_EN/html/the_sexual_revolution. html Stone, S. (20 de February de 2012). Hippies amp; Drugs. Obtenido de Hipplanet. : http://www. hipplanet. com/books/atoz/drugs. htm

The Quotation We Are The Cause Of Our Own Obstacles, By

The quotation We are the cause of our own obstacles, by Meister Eckhart is very representative of how life is. The quotation means that the problems in ones life are caused by that persons actions. I partially belief this statement because I belief that yes, your actions affect you, they also affect other people as well, causing problems for them that they did not bring on themselves. If I decide to put a coin on a railroad track, when the train comes it will derail. Sure I may go to jail for my actions which shows that I brought the trouble to myself, but it also affects the people who were on the train. It was not their fault that I put the coin on the track and because of me, I possibly killed or hurt many people. In this example, I have caused some minor obstacles for myself, but have caused monumental obstacles for the people riding the train and also their family and relatives. Arthur Miller illustrates this interpretation of the quotation in All My Sons. In this play, Joe Keller ships some cracked cylinder heads during the war and they are placed in some planes. The planes crash and kill twenty-one men. Joe Keller does go to jail for a little but he is set free because he was not at the shop when the heads were shipped. Instead he had his partner, Steve Deever, send the cylinder heads and Joe stayed home to maintain an alibi. Steve, however, is punished much more severely. He was charged with the crime and was sent to prison because he was the actual one who gave the order. This shows how Joe Keller's actions didnt really effect him much. It affected all the ones who were killed and their families. It also affected Steve Deever and his family. In the process of punishing others with his actions, Joe also affected his son Larry. Larry couldnt belief what his father had done. To punish his father and make him see what he had done wrong, Larry kills himself. This action shows Joe the error in what he did. He finally realizes that there is more in life than family and money. He realizes that his actions killed his son and many other peoples sons. Therefore Joe sees that his responsibility to his country and society makes all the boys that died all his sons. Sure, he was my son. But I think to him they were all my sons. After realizing the damage he has caused Joe cannot deal with his tremendous guilt. He commits suicide, once again not dealing with the problem but causing problems for other people as Joes family must now cope with the death of Larry and Joe. In this play Arthur Miller uses several literary elements to present the story. He provides the basic theme that there are things bigger than family. He uses extreme cases of irony to prove this. When Joe says, If Larry was alive he wouldnt act like this. He understood the way the world is made. He listened to me. To him the world had a forty-foot front, it ended at the building line. This is ironic because Larry doesnt understand Joes actions. He instead sacrifices himself to show Joe the error in his ways. Its also very ironic when Joe says, Thats the only way you lick em is guts! because Joe has no guts. Even in the way he dies he does not have the guts to do the right thing. The author also uses foreshadowing as a preamble of what is gonna happen. Theres nothin he could do that I wouldnt forgive. Because hes my son. Because Im his father and hes my sonNothins bigger than that. And youre goin to tell him, you understand? Im his father and hes my son, and if theres something bigg er than that Ill put a bullet in my head! In conclusion, All My Sons is the perfect illustration of my opinion that ones actions affect everyone including yourself. This work installs the view that ones actions influence more than one person and that ones responsibility to society requires that person to think unselfishly to

Charles Dickens Great Expectations Essay Example

Charles Dickens Great Expectations Essay Example Charles Dickens Great Expectations Paper Charles Dickens Great Expectations Paper Essay Topic: Great Expectations In The Go-Between social status often defines the behaviour of the characters towards each other. Judgement is made on appearances, property and title, as this is seen as a reliable indicator of the quality of an individuals character. In this way, Marian and Teds relationship may be seen in some way as liberating, as they love each other regardless of social status and Marian without attention to the superficial country life in which she so actively takes part. In Great Expectations, Dickens presents a society where class and status do define attitudes and relationships. Yet Dickens, through successive examples, provides evidence that this is neither an effective nor fair judge of a persons calibre, and that an enlightened society would recognise the value of individuals by who they are, not simply in terms of monetary worth. Moreover, Hartley chooses to tell The Go-Between largely from the perspective of a shy, nervous, emotionally charged, vulnerable, boy whose school seems to have denied him the expression of his childhood, consequentially leaving his wild imagination to warp events and remain oblivious to the reality of his treatment. Leos childhood innocence portrayed as green naivety by Marcus and Marion. Despite this, Leo remains loyal to the upper classes until and even at the end, agreeing to be the messenger boy one last time; he remains subservient to the assumptions of class and status, even in there deteriorated, degenerate state a the close. On the other hand, Dickens tells Great Expectations from the point of view of Pip, a social upstart unprepared to merely accept his lot, instead aspiring to a way of life he is below. Pip would have remained contented in his naivety of social inequality, as even he said. Yet for Dickens, naivety is not a defence for the maintenance of the existing social order, as how can you be truly free if innocent of the truth? Although Pip is also nai ve, and the revealing and revolution of Pip from such does not do his character any good; Dickens may argue this Pip is more a product of the effect of existing social and class assumptions, that Gentleman must remain aloof. At the end, Pip is changed, his links with the working and lower classes in Magwitch and Joe have reformed him morally; the lower classes he distanced himself from have been his salvation. Once he stops daydreaming in the false reality of a match with Estella, understands and learns the lesson of what it is to be a real gentlemen as being beyond simple monetary value; he is able to understand the plot hes in and play an active role in changing it; in working out the mystery of Estellas parentage and trying to enable Magwitch to escape. Pip is no longer a slave to the class hierarchy and class assumptions, as shown by his sleeping in his own room at the forge again and working for his living; while Leo at the end of The Go-Between remains so chained. Dickens was a social reformist and self-made gentleman, who believed in universal education for all, and worked and campaigned to achieve this aim. In Great Expectations he may be seen to offer a stark criticism of an unequal society by implicating the world of the rich with that of the poor, arguing that the wealth, prosperity and comfort of the few is one supported by the poverty, struggle and suffering of the multitude. For example, Magwitch a convict, has the same lawyer as the affluent Miss. Havisham, in Jaggers; a morally repugnant character who is prepared to see a guilty murderess, Molly, become his housekeeper, while he is just as comfortable to see an innocent defendant locked up. For Dickens, the belief in irrevocable link between wealth and morality is tenuous to say the least, and Great Expectations challenges this widely held view. Dickens champions the Victorian work ethic that salvation and morality lie in hard-work. Dickens wished to shift the role of a gentleman to one of a gentle man; he wanted to shift the emphasis from one of a life of luxury, learning and polished manners, to one of a sense of duty and vocational commitment. Many of Dickens ideas even became integrated later into Disraelis paternalistic, one-nation conservatism. Nevertheless, Dickens may not wholly align himself with Burkes philosophy that Disraeli adopted: change in order to conserve. Dickens may be motivated by the attitude to change because it is right, rather than to change to conserve the existing social order. In The Go-Between Hartley presents a class based hierarchy under threat and challenged by a new society at the turn of the century. As in Great Expectations, Hartley also, like Dickens, uses retrospective first person narration, in The Go-Between to present a society in the novel very different from that which Leo rediscovers at the end. Although not a Bildungsroman as such, we see an event that changes the rest of Leos life. The use by both authors of retrospective narration enables them to present long-term change, Dickens in Pips transformation and Hartley in Societies, allowing the authors more scope for discussion of their viewpoints. Dickens uses Pips transformed view of society, and his place in it to put forward his position. Use of first-person narration in Great Expectations is a change from omniscient third person narration and is clever in lending immediacy to the action as we find out about events as the character does, we are not told in the retrospect. Dickens older narrator switches between detachment and involvement with the plot, at times stepping in to criticise his younger self with great gusto and censure. This is also used in The Go-Between, and along with Great Expectations, both narrators intrude into the novels narrative to at times criticise their past actions or build suspense and lend importance to a future event. In Great Expectations the Bildungsroman genre chosen by Dickens, follows a Pip transformed and shaped by the novels events, allowing him to portray a broad spectrum of society; from the landed estate of the wealthy Miss Havisham, the simple contentment of hard-working Joe at the forge, to the idle lifestyle of two gentlemen in the city. Dickens novel does not appear to discuss the aristocracy in great detail beyond the aspirations of Mrs. Pocket, instead focusing more on the lower classes with which Dickens was so fascinated. Hartley, unlike Dickens, choose to set his novel in the most part in the luxurious, aristocratic, setting of Brandham Hall. There is little plot elsewhere; there is a glimpse of a harsh, competitive, boarding school governed by strict rules of conduct, in which emotion is almost forbid and class and status govern how the boys deal with each other. Were through his curse on Jenkins and Strode, Leo earns the respect and increased status amongst his fellow pupils. The school itself is almost a hierarchy, with the strongest bullying the weakest, there appears to be some of Darwins survival of the fittest there. The boys admire strength and money, and live in fear of revealing emotion, seen as a weak frailty. It is Leos curse and the grand sounding name of his modest home; Court Place which he shares with his nervous, reticent, widowed mother, that gain him an invitation from The Maudsleys. Brandham Hall however, manages in some ways to cover a broader spectrum of society than Great Expectations display of country and city life. As although in essence, the focus is on the upper-echelons of society in the middle and upper classes, rather than those of lower status, whom we see but briefly in the cricket game and supper with the village. With Brandham Hall as his setting, Hartley is able to, and does, represent class distinction in action. Could it be that in the notable absence of regard for the lower classes in the world of the upper classes he is making a similar point to Dickens; that the wealth of the few is based on the exclusion of the many? For example, Triningham the gentleman farmer relies on the working farmer in Ted Burgess for his living, and that it is only on Leos return years later that he remembers the prettiest side to the house, when he was there he was more interested in the outhouses of the backyard. The distance between The Hall and The Village is separated not only by wealth and status, but also in the physical landscape there is distance between the two, which almost makes them appear to be separate entities or separate worlds. It is the impoverished middle class in Leo who makes easier the link between the two spheres, by being the messenger between Ted and Marion. This link; an abandonment of the rules that govern the hierarchical structure has devastating consequences, perhaps a warning from Hartley against abandoning the security and sense of place made known by the class structure for centuries. Clearly, Hartleys views on class and status are more ambiguous than those of Dickens, but overall I believe that Hartley conforms to class assumptions and tries to reaffirm the importance of class and status. Hartley, however, as we have and will see, has a very different approach to Dickens on the subject of class and status. Like Leo, Hartley seems to look with nostalgia on the long line of Viscount Trininghams, Hugh being the ninth of these, found engraved in the church. Set against the backdrop of the house of God, a sense of value is placed in the tradition and history that this image invokes. Perhaps even reflecting the feudal belief in Gods acquiescence and ordination of the nobilitys God-given right to rule. In Great Expectations there is no such argument present, church seems corrupted by its wealth and emphasis on social position and irrelevant to the working class people who attend every week, some more conscientiously than others. The lower classes such as Joe can not go as they are and as they are comfortable, appearance is important as a display of respect and diffidence. Dickens throughout the rest of the novel then attacks the superficiality of appearance as having any value or importance at all in the judgement of character. For Dickens there is no value in tradition for traditions sake; he was not an unbeliever, but wanted to transform the churches role from order and a means of class control but to real concern and compassion for the people. Dickens would attack appearance as either being a good basis on which to judge character or a good foundation on which to judge strength of Christian conviction. Hartley seems to admire the class distinctions found in church, while Dickens might view it as apposed to Christian belief. Dickens criticises those who aspire to titles as seen by his parody of the Pockets, while Hartley respects those who hold one such as Triningham, and criticises those who aspire to the lifestyle of those who want one in the Maudsleys. Triningham exemplifies all that was good about the aristocracy; gentle manners, grace and elegance, and treating Leo with the utmost kindness, whom he saves from embarrassment when explaining his title and when Leo is given an inappropriate tie. It is the middle class Marion who exploits and uses Leo, not Triningham, who makes it clear that Leo is a messenger for the Gods. Triningham is scarred from his patriotic fight during the lengthily and protracted Boer War, perhaps symbolic of a scarred, fatally flawed, yet loyal and patriotic, aristocracy. Trininghams early death may also foretell of doomed nobility, and in Marion, conquered by Ted, the working farmer, that in the future the lower classes will usurp the higher ones. This is again shown by the fact that the 10th and subsequent 11th Viscount Trininghams are descendants of Ted, not of Hugh, and so are illegitimate. The ancestral lineage has been broken. Whether or not this embodies the idea that the old aristocracy having survived, yet modified, by the events of a turbulent half-century and that the hierarchical order has prevailed even in the face of struggle; or whether this actually signifies a healthy merger of the classes (Anne Mulkeen) is a matter for debate. Some may argue that in the 11th Viscount Triningham we see an aristocracy besieged, and a shadow of what it once was. The 11th Viscount looks like Ted, a working farmer, and Leo notes none of Trininghams natural grace. The 11th Viscount avoids the past in Marion, rather than finding refuge and console in it as it may be seen that the 9th Viscount had, and the 11th is reduced to living in less that half the house, with the rest let to a girls school. While others may still see by the aristocracys survival, despite being found reduced in importance, as an enduring symbol of history and tradition and irrefutable evidence of its value. Even so, for Dickens, as found in Great Expectations aristocracy and the wealthy need to accept their place and duty toward wider society. Trininghams chivalric, but perhaps unreal sentiment that nothing is ever a Ladys fault is perhaps the reasoning behind his acceptance of a Marion already tainted by the touch of a man, saving her from disgrace, and explains his unsuspecting attitude before the relationship was revealed. Trininghams assumption of Marians innocence is charming, yet conceivably recognisable as ignorance. Marian seems to ridicule him almost, as even she admits his loyalty, whilst admitting that she was planning on carrying on her illicit affair with Ted whilst married to Triningham, and seeing his suicide as an expression of Teds weakness rather than of his accepting responsibility. Also Hartley portrays a caring, nervous and somewhat ineffective mother in Mrs. Colston, who perhaps fails to understand the boy she sees so little of. Tragically, if she had followed Leos confused intension in his instructions than the tragedy may have been averted, or at least Leo might not have lost his innocence and faith in the world of human emotions with which Ted explained his love for Marion and spooning. Presumably Triningham would not blame Mrs. Colston at all for Leos tragedy. Trininghams chivalry then is not rewarded and this outcome can perhaps be seen to be why Hartley may be criticising the destruction of good society. At the same time, Dickens aim in writing Great Expectations was to shift the meaning of being a Gentleman away from that of petty class distinction, polished manners and a life of leisure to one of social responsibility and vocational commitment; of gentlemen not just enjoying their position in society, but working to improve the position and welfare of others. This is shown by Pips dramatic transformation from Gentleman to gentle man, and the moral regeneration that is the result of Pip finding employment. Class and status are seemingly interlinked with, and the result of money from the start. The servants at Brandham are even deferential to Leo, who is not expected to pick up or fold his own clothes; Marcus even tells him not too! Leo is not rich in comparison to the Maudsleys but is in terms of society at the time, the social hierarchy must be obeyed. Hartley, in The Go-Between also presents the aspiring middle class in the Maudlseys whose social rise is the result of money. Although, arguably, Hartleys Maudsleys do not gain greatly from their rise, which contributes to the mental downfall of Mrs. Maudsley in Marions affair, with Denys and Marcus later dying in the Great War, the Maudsleys do not last, and it is a Triningham who holds possession of the house when Leo returns after his long absence. Despite the 11th Viscount being a descendent of Ted and Marion, the title has endured, the Maudsleys have not. Hartley thus argues that there is more to class distinction then money, more too aristocratic superiority than monetary wealth; indeed Triningham is less well off than the Maudsleys, however they still feel the need to defer to him, as if he were the head of the household. The Maudsleys not only feel insecure, but recognise Trininghams supremacy.

Biography of Pedro Flores, Father of the Yo-Yo

Biography of Pedro Flores, Father of the Yo-Yo Pedro Flores (April 26, 1896–December 1963) took what had been a Filipino weapon, and later a Filipino toy, and started manufacturing yo-yos in the United States. He soon became a self-made millionaire as the popularity of the toy skyrocketed. Indeed, the word yo-yo is a Tagalog word, the native language of the Philippines, and means come back. Fast Facts: Pedro Flores Known For: Introducing the yo-yo toy to the United States.Also Known As: Pedro Edralin FloresBorn: April 26, 1896 in Vintarilocos,  PhilippinesDied: December 1963 in Santa Barbara, CaliforniaEducation: University of California, Berkeley, Hastings College of LawSpouse: Edria Myers (m. June 6, 1931–December 1963)Children: Delmar Walters (stepson)Notable Quote: I am more interested in teaching children to use the yo-yos than I am in manufacturing of yo-yos. Early Years Flores was born on April 26, 1895, in Vintarilocos Norte, Philippines. He immigrated with his family to the United States in 1915, later studying law at the University of California Berkeley and the Hastings College of Law in San Francisco. Flores Edria Myers on June 6, 1931. They were married until Flores died. Flores never completed his law degree and began his yo-yo business while working as a bellboy. From Weapon to Toy In the Philippines, the yo-yo was a weapon for over 400 years. The weaponized version featured large, sharp edges, and studs and attached to thick, 20-foot ropes for flinging at enemies or prey. Later, a form of the yo-yo, which had originated in China, became a popular toy in Europe and Asia. Flores had played with these toy yo-yos as a child- they were called bandalores at the time- and felt there might be a market for the toy in the U.S. Yo-Yo Manufacturing Company In 1928, Flores started the Yo-Yo Manufacturing Company in Santa Barbara. Flores began making yo-yos by hand for neighborhood children, but soon, James and Daniel Stone of Los Angeles financed machinery for the mass their production. Within a year, Flores was selling 300,000 yo-yos annually. On July 22, 1930, Flores trademarked the term Yo-Yo. Eventually, Donald F. Duncan Sr., who founded the Duncan Toy Company in 1929, took notice of the popularity of yo-yos. He bought the rights to the trademark and company from Flores that same year for $750,000. Promoting the Yo-Yo Flores stayed active and helped Duncan promote the yo-yo in the early years of the product. Particularly in 1931 and 1932, Flores staged yo-yo contests in various cities around the country. These contests featured yo-yo tricks, which became popular over the years, such as the sleeper, where the yo-yo seems to spin in place at the end of its string, or the walk the dog, where the practitioner seemingly gets the yo-yo to walk/roll along the ground and then return. Death Flores died in December 1963 in Coshocton, Ohio, where he had lived for more than two decades. He is buried in the South Lawn Cemetery in Coshocton. Legacy By 1962, Duncan Toys had sold 45 million yo-yos in the U.S. Three years later, the company went bankrupt. Flambeau Plastics Company (today Flambeau Inc.), acquired the rights to the yo-yo, and today it manufactures and sells the 11 different models of yo-yos (as of April 2018) still under the name of the Duncan Toys Company, which operates as a Flambeau subsidiary. Since Flores brought the toy to the U.S. decades ago, the yo-yo has become deeply ingrained in the culture of the country. For example, in 1968, Abbie Hoffman was cited for contempt of Congress for walking the dog in an effort to entertain the House Subcommittee on Un-American Activities that was investigating him, and Richard Nixon made headlines when he used a yo-yo on stage at the opening of the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville in 1974. Sources Findagrave.com.History Of The Yo-Yo.  Museum of Yo-Yo History.ï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Pedro Flores Story | The Character Network.†Ã‚  The Character Network RSS.Revolvy, LLC. â€Å"‘Pedro Flores (Inventor) on Revolvy.com.†Ã‚  Revolvy.